What Is the Formula for Charles Law

Charles Law is a special case of the ideal gas law. It states that the volume of a fixed mass of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature.  This law applies to ideal gases held at a constant  pressure, where only the volume and temperature  are allowed to change. Charles Law is expressed as:Vi/Ti Vf/TfwhereVi initial volumeTi initial absolute temperatureVf final volumeTf final absolute temperatureIt is extremely important to remember the temperatures are absolute temperatures measured in Kelvin, NOT  °C or  °F. Charles Law Example Problems A gas occupies 221 cm3 at a temperature of 0 C and pressure of 760 mm Hg. What will its volume be at 100 C? Since the pressure is constant and the mass of gas doesnt change, you know you can apply Charles law. The temperatures are given in Celsius, so they must first be converted into absolute temperature (Kelvin) to apply the formula: V1   221cm3; T1   273K (0 273); T2   373K (100 273) Now the values can be plugged into the formula to solve for final volume: Vi/Ti Vf/Tf221cm3 / 273K Vf  /  373K Rearranging the equation to solve for final volume: Vf   (221  cm3)(373K) / 273K Vf   302 cm3

The Views of Aristotle’s Idea of the Prime Mover Vs. the...

The Views of Aristotle’s Idea of the Prime Mover Vs. the Judaeo Christians Idea of God The traditional theist Judaeo Christian belief of God is in many ways very similar to Aristotle’s ideas and explanations of the Prime Mover. However, although very similar in many situations, the beliefs about God and the Prime Mover can also be very different and varied. Yet, both ideologies of theists God and Aristotle’s Prime Mover follow the same foundations - they are both eternal and responsible for change in the world. In Aristotle’s view, the Prime Mover is the common source of all substance; it is the cause or purpose of change, but it itself remains unchanged. Aristotle’s argument was that, because†¦show more content†¦This, although symbolic as a parallel between a Judaeo Christian thinking and the teachings of Aristotle, is also a significant difference between the two ideologies. This is suggested as, in genesis 2-3, personification is used to humanise God, and the biblical God responds to the behaviour of people - Adam and Eve. God shows anger, compassion and other relevant emotions accordingly, displaying that his emotions are subject to change. This is very much unlike the Prime Mover of Aristotle’s beliefs, as the Prime Mover, according to Aristotle, is unaffected by people’s behaviour so does not respond. Unlike God, the Prime Mover remains unchanged as it is unmoved by anything with the potential to change, including people. Judaeo Christians accept that God is the designer and builder of the earth. Similarly to this, Aristotle exclaims that the Prime Mover is the necessary first source of movement that is the beginning of everything. It is the Prime Mover that is responsible for all change, like God, and this includes the creation of the world. However, according to genesis, God becomes a craftsman whilst creating the humanity and the planet. In genesis 1, it states that God creates ex-nihilo by command, and in genesis 2-3, it says that he creates things more physically. For example, in genesis 2-3, he creates Adam from the soil. In comparison to this, the Prime Mover is immaterial and

B.J. Rice Essay Example For Students

B.J. Rice Essay Expository Research Essay Ms. Wilson February 17, 2003 Christianity and the First Hundred Years I. Introduction A. Size of the church Even though the Christian faith is less than 2000 years old, it has grown to be the largest religion on earth, passing up religions far older than itself. In order to understand this phenomenon, you have to trace Christianity back to its roots. II. The Beginning of the Faith A. Roman Rule By the time Jesus was born, The Roman Empire stretched from Britain on the north to the Sahara on the south. At that time the empire was peaceful and prospering. The wars were over, and roman soldiers occupied themselves with games, tournaments, and gambling. B. Why the Jews hated Rome Jesus was Jewish. At the time of his birth the Jews hated roman rule. The Romans believed in many gods, while the Jews believed in one god. Some Jews thought their only hope of survival from Roman persecution was to adopt this Roman theology. Others became religious fanatics who formed resistance against Rome. Still others retreated into the wilderness to study Jewish law and wait for the coming of the messiah. III. The Arrival of Jesus Christ A. Birth Jesus was born to a plain, ordinary Jewish couple by the name of Joseph and Mary. Joseph was a carpenter, and passed his skills onto his first-born son Jesus. B. Childhood Jesus revealed his sense of destiny, when at the age of twelve he went to the synagogue and amazed the Jewish church leadership with his wisdom and understanding of the scriptures. C. Teachings At age 30, Jesus began his 3- year ministry to save the lost, heal the sick, and offer salvation through belief in the one true God. The summation of his teachings boils down to two statements he made on two separate occasions. The first was the great commandment, which can be found in Luke 10:27 Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your strength and with all your mind; and, Love your neighbor as yourself.' The second, which is known in Christian circles as the great commission. is found in Matthew 28:19-20: 19 Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, 20 and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you. And surely I am with you always, to the very end of the age. (NIV) Within these two principles, the life and belief of the Christian faith hangs.. D. Death Throughout his ministry, Jesus frequently called into question the sincerity of the religious leaders. At the same time, his popularity grew throughout the Jewish world. As a result, great hatred and bitterness was directed towards him. Plots against his life were planned on many occasions, yet each time he escaped unharmed. According to prophetic scripture, Jesus had to be crucified and his blood shed at the appointed time. Just prior to his execution, Jesus himself reminded the believers that his life must be cut short in order to fulfill his eternal destiny. One of his closest companions, Judas, secretly conspired against Jesus and one night an angry mob led by the Jewish leaders captured Jesus. They interrogated him and brutally tortured him, then handed him over to the Roman government and demanded that he be crucified. He was taken to a hill and nailed to a cross, where he died. E. Resurrection Three days later, 2 women went to the tomb where the body of Jesus had been placed. When they arrived they found the giant stone that was used to seal the tomb rolled away. When they went inside they found Jesus body gone. Christians believe that Jesus rose back to life, appearing several times to his disciples. .u199f29337b2c46235519c58ebfb0423f , .u199f29337b2c46235519c58ebfb0423f .postImageUrl , .u199f29337b2c46235519c58ebfb0423f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u199f29337b2c46235519c58ebfb0423f , .u199f29337b2c46235519c58ebfb0423f:hover , .u199f29337b2c46235519c58ebfb0423f:visited , .u199f29337b2c46235519c58ebfb0423f:active { border:0!important; } .u199f29337b2c46235519c58ebfb0423f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u199f29337b2c46235519c58ebfb0423f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u199f29337b2c46235519c58ebfb0423f:active , .u199f29337b2c46235519c58ebfb0423f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u199f29337b2c46235519c58ebfb0423f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u199f29337b2c46235519c58ebfb0423f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u199f29337b2c46235519c58ebfb0423f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u199f29337b2c46235519c58ebfb0423f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u199f29337b2c46235519c58ebfb0423f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u199f29337b2c46235519c58ebfb0423f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u199f29337b2c46235519c58ebfb0423f .u199f29337b2c46235519c58ebfb0423f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u199f29337b2c46235519c58ebfb0423f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Henry Vii Essay IV. The Church after Jesus Death A. Apostles The 11 original disciples of Jesus became the church leadership as the early church began to grow in numbers. Their primary role was to minister to the Jewish-Christian churches. Peter seemed to have the most influential role, which was represented by the meaning of his name. Jesus first used the name Peter due to its meaning rock. Jesus was quoted as saying That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church (Matt 16:18). James, the brother of Jesus, seems to have been given the leadership role in handling matters of doctrine and controversy. All 11 of the original disciples were later referred to as apostles as their ministerial callings became .

Joe jackson Essay Example For Students

Joe jackson Essay Imagine your fate and future resting in the hands of one man’s judgment. This was actually reality for Shoeless Joe Jackson. Many argue that he was one of the best ever to play the game of baseball and was the greatest natural hitter of all-time. Yet, surprisingly, you will not find him among the familiar faces at the Hall of Fame. He was permanently banned from baseball, as well as seven others, for allegedly helping to throw the 1919 World Series. Joseph Jefferson Jackson was born on July 16, 1888 in Pickins County, South Carolina. He was the oldest of eight children and grew up the son of a cotton mill worker. He began working in the mill at age thirteen and never learned how to read or write. He played baseball in his spare time, and his exceptional skills landed him in the minor leagues by the age of eighteen. He first entered professional baseball in 1908 with Greenville in the Carolina Association. It was during this same year that he received the nickname â€Å"Shoeless† Joe after he had just bought a new pair of spikes. They wore blisters on his feet and they hurt so badly that he just played in his stocking feet. Although he played only one game without the spikes, he was known as â€Å"Shoeless Joe† from then on (McGee 1). Shoeless Joe made his major league debut later that year, in 1908, with the Philadelphia Athletics. He only played there a short time before being transferred to the Cleveland Indians. Finally, in 1915 he was sold to Charles Comiskey and the Chicago White Sox. It was here that he played his last few years of professional baseball and his life would be forever changed. From the years 1917 to 1919 the Chicago White Sox were by far the dominant team in baseball. It is speculated that they could have â€Å"gone on to become one of the greatest teams in history† (Schwalbe 2). However, despite having the most talented team around, Charles Comiskey paid his players considerably less than any other winning team (Durst 2). Due to the oppression they were under, the player’s morale began to decrease as their need for money increased. They considered going on strike, but were talked out of it by their manager, â€Å"Kid† Gleason. They remained desperate until first baseman Chick Gandil met with a notorious gambler named â€Å"Sport† Sullivan. The White Sox were far ahead in the standings and were headed to the World Series against the Cincinnati Reds. Gandil told Sullivan that he knew the Series could be fixed, especially due to the present conditions. He wanted $80,000, which Sullivan agreed to. Gandil had difficulties at first, but he ostensibly persuaded teammates Eddie Cicotte, Claude â€Å"Lefty† Williams, Buck Weaver, Fred McMullen, â€Å"Happy† Felsch, Swede Risberg, and Joe Jackson into joining him in the fix (Schwalbe 4). The scandal began to rise to great proportions as the rumors began to spread. One of the biggest professional gamblers became involved, Arnold Rothstein, as well as gamblers â€Å"Sleepy Bill† Burns and Billy Maharg. Other gamblers started laying down unusual bets, as the greed for money heightened. Comiskey and Gleason heard the rumors of the fix, but refused to believe them (Schwalbe 6). Slowly, signs began to show that something was not right. In a best-of-nine series, the White Sox lost the first, second, fourth, fifth, and eighth games. The World Series Championship went to the Reds and left Comiskey furious. He supposedly said the involved players would never play for him again.Nevertheless, the 1920 season went under way, and the White Sox were in hot co ntention for the pennant and had record profits at the box office. Finally, in September of 1920, a Cook County grand jury looked into allegations that the 1919 World Series had been thrown. Cicotte was called into court and was the first to admit to the scandal, followed by Shoeless Joe. Illinois had no law about fixing games, and the eight players were acquitted of the charges brought against them for defrauding the public and injuring the business of Charles Comiskey and the American League (Schwalbe 9). To Kill A Mockingbird: Man Versus Society EssayBaseball great Ted William’s is trying to get Joe Jackson’s name to be placed on the Hall of Fame ballot and have even given the Hall a legal memorandumin support of that request. Cooperstown should now act. It’s time, and it’s the right thing to do. Ted regrets the times when the Redsoxs used to travel to South Carolina and he did not go to see Joe and talk baseball, talk hitting from one of the most pure hitters ever to hold a bat. A person must make his own opinion of the events taken place in 1919. They have to take into account the whole of the story, not just bits and peace Realizing that although the Scandal of the 1919 World Series was a disappointment to the integrity of major league baseball, it is a comforting feeling to know that despite the temptation of bribe money, not all of the players involved intended or attempted to throw any of the series games. Having absolutely no evidence to back the charges against Shoeless Joe Jacksons role or lack of role in the scandal, indicates that justice should prevail and he should be given his rightful place in Cooperstown at the Baseball Hall of Fame. Bibliography:

2013 Hurricane Names

2013 Hurricane Names 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 Below you will find the listing of hurricane names for the Atlantic Ocean for the year 2013. For every year, there is a pre-approved list of tropical storm and hurricane names. These lists have been generated by the National Hurricane Center since 1953. At first, the lists consisted of only female names; however, since 1979, the lists alternate between male and female. Hurricanes are named alphabetically from the list in chronological order. Thus the first tropical storm or hurricane of the year has a name that begins with A and the second is given the name that begins with B. The lists contain hurricane names that begin from A to W, but exclude names that begin with a Q or U. There are six lists that continue to rotate. The lists only change when there is a hurricane that is so devastating, the name is retired and another hurricane name replaces it. The 2013 hurricane name list is the same as the 2007 hurricane name list with the exception of three names that were devastating hurricanes in 2007 and thus retired. Dean was replaced by Dorian, Felix was replaced by Fernand, and Noel was replaced by Nestor. 2013 Hurricane Names AndreaBarryChantalDorianErinFernandGabrielleHumbertoIngridJerryKarenLorenzoMelissaNestorOlgaPabloRebekahSebastienTanyaVanWendy

Christina Aguleria and Lil Kim essays

Christina Aguleria and Lil' Kim essays In Bad Sistas, Tricia Rose addresses raps written by women that specifically concern male-female relationships. She says, MC Lytes and Salt N Pepa have reputations for biting raps that criticize men who manipulate and abuse women. Their lyrics tell the story of men taking advantage of women, cheating on them, taking their money, and leaving them for other unsuspecting female victims (Rose 267). These songs address problems that females are continually facing. MC Lyte and Salt N Pepa are portraying these problems to forewarn women about the deceiving men out there. These songs most importantly try to resist the common double standard of society. MC Lyte is trying to resist the common standard of society by having men be addressed as tramps, rather than women. Roses analytical approach can most certainly be applied to a much more recent example. In 2003, Christina Aguilera released, Cant Hold Us Down, featuring Lil Kim. Aguilera and Lil Kim successfully resisted what they call the common double standard of society. Men are granted greater sexual freedom than women are. Augilera and Lil Kim voice their opinions in a powerful way and inform makes that this is politically incorrect. They address and attack the common double standard of how men can get away with their sexuality and have multiple partners, whereas women who do the same thing are looked down upon and are addressed as whores, sluts, or tramps. Christina states, The guy gets all the glory the more he can score While the girl can do the same and yet you call her a whore (Lyrics). This statement is true because you rarely hear about a male being called a whore for sleeping with many women. Its not fair that a female should be criticized about her sex life just because of he r gender. I think its very refreshing when women rappers address and attack the common ...

Leading a health task force through malaria prevention program Essay

Leading a health task force through malaria prevention program - Essay Example The situation I have chosen is where a group of health professional is carrying out a malaria prevention program in the community. As the leader of the task force, I am required to exhibit leadership equation, power of vision, significance of ethics, ability to empower people, principles of leadership, human abilities and understanding, high level of effectiveness, ability to develop other people, and performance management. This paper will hence focus on the mentioned leadership components that I will exhibit in leading the task force through a malaria prevention program. Leadership equation During my reign as a leader of the task force, I will prefer a group leadership to an individual leadership. As opposed to individual leadership where one person leads the whole group, group leadership encourages the whole team to act as leaders. This approach will aid in increasing effectiveness, creativity and even reducing costs. This energizes the team and makes them feel an elevated level o f empowerment. Leading a team through a prevention program requires much time as it involves straining circumstances. It involves dealing with community at the grass root level where there is a low literacy level. It also requires ample time to empower community members to adopt the measures provided by the team members. The community will have to be taught and trained on how they can prevent malaria from making a better part of them. It will also involve distribution of treated mosquito bed nets. This will mean the community will be trained on how to use these bed nets. It will be the work of the team to ask the community to observe various causes of malaria in order to avoid infections. Above all, the community will be empowered in order to keep observing the measures of malaria prevention. After the program, there will be a monitoring and evaluation session to ensure the program is effective after which the team can pronounce success of the program. The whole of these activities requires much cooperation from the team members. Therefore as a team leader, I will have to exhibit distinct leadership traits, behavior, styles and qualities. The team is also expected to show effective characteristics of a well functioning team in order to provide the right condition of working together and providing leadership. As a leader I will provide awareness of unity to all members of the team. The members will also have the ability to develop interpersonal relationship where every member gets a chance to learn from each other and contribute to work. I will also use my leadership to enhance togetherness towards achieving our common goal. My team will exhibit characteristics of a well functioning team including: Members share a sense of purpose and reason for existence of the team and invest their time in obtaining the goals and mission of the team. Members share priorities with one another; they know what has to be done by whom and by when the goals are to be achieved. Memb ers are definite about their roles. Everyone knows what tasks to do and when to give team experts a chance to do specific task. Members understand the line of decision making and authority. Members deal with conflicts openly and consider them significant to personal growth and decision making. Members appreciate each other’s personal traits and feel their distinct personalities well utilized and appreciated. Members have set group norms that enable them work together and are observed as the group standards for

Classic Galactosemia disease Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Classic Galactosemia disease - Essay Example The total or nearly total deficiency of the GALT enzyme threatens life, and if not treated, a patient may develop complications such as sepsis, liver failure, mental retardation, or even death. Several mutations that cause this disease are common in people with G/G genotype of the classic galactosemia (Williams & Wilkins 563). The real name of this gene is galactokinase 1. The GALKI gene gives instructions for making galctokinase 1 enzyme. This enzyme is responsible for enabling the body to process galactose, a simple sugar present in almost all dairy products and numerous baby formulas (Leonard 101). Over 20 mutations in the GALKI gene are present in patients with galactosemia. Most of the mutations alter the amino acids in galctokinase or delete some genetic material from the GALKI gene leading to an unsteady or inactive form of this enzyme. Classic galactosemia is a genetic disorder resulting from mutations in the GALT gene. Persons must inherit two harmful copies of this gene, at least one from each parent. Whereas over 170 mutations that cause diseases have been identified to cause classical galactosemia of the genotype GG, only a few have been commonly reported. They include: This mutation accounts to approximately 54 to 70% of the alleles in the classic galactosemia. S135L is the pathogenic mutation that is most reported in African Americans, making about 50% of the distorted alleles of the total population. In Eastern Europe, K285N mutation is accounts for only 8% of the classic galacttosemia in the general population in Europe (Leonard 102). The D mutation is reportedly present in the United States with only 5% of the whole population. Enzyme activity is almost 50%of usual DD homozygote and is adequate such that these people do not have biochemical or clinical characteristics of glactosemia. Duarte galactosemia or sometimes called DG compound heterozygote express noticeably limited enzyme activity of close to 25%

War in Vietnam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

War in Vietnam - Essay Example It is not the actual military defeat that hurt. It was the emotional defeat, the defeat of intelligence, the political defeat, the defeat of calculation, the defeat of the entire plan and purpose of the war that so staggered the nation that it is still trying to come to terms with the questions of the war to which different analysts are providing different answers (Mackubin Thomas Owens). Probably the best person to answer the Vietnam question was Ngo Dinh Diem who capably led the charge of South Vietnam. Like John F Kennedy, Diem too was a Roman Catholic. He successfully kept communism under control, sometimes brutally. However, in the process he angered the Buddhist monks who were part of the majority in Vietnam. He was seen as a protg of the Americans and he behaved like one. Nevertheless, as time went on, he was becoming increasingly isolated because of fears by some including the United States ambassador to Vietnam, Henry Cabot Lodge that he was leading a corrupt regime. The failure of the American intelligence to track the correct course and keep at it grated the final nail to the coffin with a very big hammer. Now the Americans are coming to realize that Diem was not such a bad fellow after all (Mackubin Thomas Owens). Journalists David Halberstam and Neil Sheehan depicted Diem in the most debilitating terms. Their account of Diem was so horrifying and unpleasant that a 1963 congressional mission described them as "arrogant, emotional, unobjective and ill-informed." One cannot fault Halberstam and Sheehan though. They were only faithfully and unwittingly reproducing what was fed to them through obliging Vietnamese sources who were secretly communist agents themselves (Mackubin Thomas Owens). Diem depended on the Americans to carry out his agenda of blocking the communists. He signed a joint communiqu with President Eisenhower condemning communism (Dr. Penelope Nicholson). Diem complemented the policies of the United States quite well in Vietnem. However, the American politicians were not happy with Diem. They did not want a Catholic running amok amidst the predominant Buddhist population. They found fault with his government capturing and killing communist insurgents. They wavered in backing him on long term basis fearing he was increasingly becoming a liability and must be isolated. The fault lines in the American intelligence were undermining a factor that was actually providing them positive results in the war. The intrigue took its toll. Diem was assassinated in a coup by his senior military officers in 1963. Kennedy was unnerved by the assassination of Diem although he approved of the coup. Post Diem After the assassination of Diem the question of leadership haunted Vietnam. Any leader who took up the reins had to have the backing of the Americans. But the policy decisions for Vietnam came from

Disadvantages Of The Open Cycle Configuration Environmental Sciences Essay

Disadvantages Of The Open Cycle Configuration Environmental Sciences Essay The main problems of todays society are; the ever increasing demand in energy, a possible resource shortage and environmental pollution. Therefore a lot of money is spent in research to find alternative ways of producing energy using Earths natural resources like wind, sun and the ocean. This report is a study on Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) which might be the answer to the energy and environmental problem our world has to face. A basic description and an introduction to the types and principles of operation of closed cycle, open cycle and hybrids of OTEC technology is given in this report. Emphasis is shown on the hybrid cycle which has advantages compared to other single purpose plants for fresh water production or power generation. The process of desalination of sea water can prove vital for countries which have water shortage. This report is focused on the technology that would be suited for a hybrid cycle OTEC plant situated in Cyprus. Contents Table of Figures 1. Aims and Objectives The aim of this project is to investigate the characteristics of a dual purpose plant for simultaneous production of desalinated water and electric power. An attempt will be made to state the conditions and criteria for adjusting the ratio of desalinated water to power production and also how this ratio is affected by a variation in seawater temperature and pressure. In addition, different design considerations of the hybrid cycle particularly suitable for an OTEC plant operating in Cyprus will be discussed. 2. Introduction The ocean surface absorbs more heat from the sun in one square mile than could be produced by burning 7000 barrels of oil (Avery Wu, 1994). Therefore the solar energy absorbed per day by the surface waters can be used to provide a green, zero-emission production of electricity. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion or OTEC is the technology that meets the technical requirements and is economically viable for harvesting the solar energy absorbed by the ocean. OTEC plants make use of the thermal gradient that exists between the surface of the ocean and the deep cold waters to initiate a power producing cycle. The warm tropical surface waters (at a temperature of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‹â€ 22 °C) and the deep ocean waters (at a depth of 1000m a temperature of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‹â€ 4 °C) are used as a source of thermal energy to vaporize and condense the working fluid of a turbine-generator system. The thermodynamic cycle for this heat engine is the called the Rankine cycle. OTEC systems maybe either clos ed cycle, open cycle or a combination of the two also known as hybrid systems. In the closed cycle, seawater is used to vaporize and condense a working fluid, such as ammonia, which drives a turbine-generator in a closed loop, producing electricity. In the open cycle, surface water is flash-evaporated in a vacuum chamber. The resulting low-pressure steam is used to drive a turbine-generator. Cold seawater is used to condense the steam after it has passed through the turbine. The open cycle can, therefore, be configured to produce fresh water as well as electricity. The hybrid cycle consists of both the closed cycle system and the open cycle system. The system is interconnected and arranged in such a manner that the former cycle provides electricity and the latter yields desalinated water. Such a system has promising potential in countries which have issues with lack of water. 3. Literature Review 3.1 Closed Cycle OTEC System 3.1.1 Principle of Operation The closed cycle was first proposed in 1881, by DArsonval in France, and was demonstrated in 1979, when a small plant mounted on a barge off Hawaii (Mini-OTEC) produced 50 kW of gross power, for several months, with a net output of 18 kW (Vega, 1992). The principle of operation of the closed OTEC system is demonstrated in figure 1 below. Figure : Principle of operation of a closed cycle OTEC system (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) In the closed cycle, the OTEC system utilizes the warm surface seawater to vaporize a working fluid, such as ammonia, which flows through a heat exchanger (evaporator). The vapor expands at modest pressures and drives a turbine which is coupled to a generator that produces electricity. The vapor then passes through another heat exchanger (condenser) where it is condensed back into a liquid using cold seawater from pumped from the oceans depths through a cold water pipe. A pressurizer or feed pump is used to pump the condensed working fluid back to the evaporator to complete the cycle, producing continuous power generation as long as the warm water and cold water continue to flow. The closed OTEC cycle is basically the same as the conventional Rankine cycle employed in steam engines, in which the steam is condensed and returned to the boiler after driving a piston or steam turbine, OTEC differs by using a different working fluid and lower pressures and temperatures (Avery Wu, 1994). The four processes of the ideal Rankine cycle are listed below: 1. Isentropic expansion (Turbine) 2. Isobaric heat rejection (Condenser) 3. Isentropic compression (Pump) 4. Isobaric heat addition (Evaporator) 3.2 Open Cycle OTEC System 3.2.1 Principle of Operation The open cycle concept was first proposed in the 1920s and demonstrated in 1930, off Cuba by its inventor, a Frenchman by the name of Georges Claude (Vega, 1992). In the open cycle, the warm seawater is the working fluid. The warm seawater is pumped into a vacuum chamber where it is flash- evaporated to produce steam at an absolute pressure of about 2.4kPa. The steam passes through a low pressure turbine which in turn drives a generator to produce electricity. The steam exiting the turbine flows is condensed by cold seawater pumped from the oceans depths through a cold-water pipe. In this open cycle configuration a surface condenser can be used and therefore the condensed steam remains separated from the cold seawater and provides a supply of desalinated water. Figure 2 below shows the principle of operation of the open cycle OTEC system. Figure : Principle of operation of an open cycle OTEC system (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) 3.2.2 Disadvantages of the Open Cycle Configuration This type of configuration produces less power than the closed cycle alternative but it is attractive in places where water shortage is an issue. In addition, the very low pressure at which the system operates means that connections must be carefully sealed to prevent atmospheric air from entering the system, which could bring the operation to a halt. Another disadvantage compared to the closed cycle system is that the specific volume of the low-pressure steam is very large compared to the pressurized working fluid used in the closed cycle system. Therefore the components must have large flow areas to ensure that steam flow does not reach a high enough velocity which could damage the turbine. Also, a large turbine is required to accommodate the very high volumetric flow rates of the low-pressure steam in order to generate a sufficient amount of electrical power. 3.3 Hybrid Cycle OTEC System 3.3.1 Principle of Operation A hybrid cycle combines the features of both the closed-cycle and open-cycle systems. In a hybrid OTEC system, warm seawater enters a vacuum chamber where it is flash-evaporated into steam, which is similar to the open-cycle evaporation process. The steam vaporizes the working fluid of a closed-cycle loop on the other side of an ammonia vaporizer. The vaporized fluid then drives a turbine that produces electricity. The steam condenses within the heat exchanger and provides desalinated water. Figure 3 is an illustration of the hybrid cycle OTEC system. Figure : Principle of operation of a hybrid cycle OTEC system (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) The electricity produced by the system can be delivered to a utility grid or used to manufacture methanol, hydrogen, refined metals, ammonia, and similar products. 3.4 OTEC Components The main components of an OTEC system are described below- namely, heat exchangers, evaporators, turbines and condensers. 3.4.1 Heat Exchangers for Closed Cycle OTEC Systems The design of heat exchangers to meet industrial requirements for efficiency, durability, ease of manufacture, packaging, system integration reliability and cost has led to an extensive technology devoted just to this subject. The special requirements of OTEC can be met by heat exchangers with different operating characteristics than conventional designs. Also, research has been done to increase the overall heat transfer coefficients in ways that will reduce the heat exchanger costs per kilowatt of net power generated. This has led to the investigation of various potential types of heat exchangers with features designed to be optimal for OTEC applications. Some of these are briefly described below. Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers: This is the most widely used type of heat exchanger for industrial evaporator and condenser applications. As the name implies, this type consists of a shell and a bundle of tubes inside it. Specifically for OTEC applications, water flows through the tubes and the working fluid flows across the tube bank in the middle section. In conventional ones, seawater flows through the tubes, and the working fluid evaporates or condenses in a shell around them. This design can be enhanced by using fluted tubes: the working fluid flows into the grooves and over the crests, producing a thin film that evaporates more effectively. Plate Heat Exchangers: Another type of heat exchanger that would offer advantages in performance and cost is the plate heat exchanger. The plate type heat exchanger is more compact than the shell and tube configuration. In this type, the seawater and the working fluid flow in alternate channels separated by parallel plates. Suitable manifolds are used to guide the fluid into the proper channels. With this type of heat exchanger the gains in heat transfer coefficient can be up to 100-200%, compared with the conventional shell and tube designs. The material which heat exchangers are made of is very important in terms of cost and performance. Titanium was the original material chosen for closed-cycle heat exchangers because it resists corrosion. However, it is an expensive option for plants that use large heat exchangers. Therefore other cheaper materials such as corrosion-resistant copper-nickel alloys can be used to protect platform and cold-water pipes, but are not compatible with ammonia, the most common working fluid. A suitable alternative is aluminium which performs well under marine conditions and results indicate that selected aluminium alloys may last 20 years in seawater (Thomas Hills, 1989). Marine organisms and slime can quickly grow on surfaces exposed to warm seawater- a buildup known as biofouling- and this reduces the heat transfer efficiency. Laboratory experiments indicate that the addition of chlorine in the pipes can prevent biofouling (Panchal, Larsen-Basse, Little, 1984). 3.4.2 Evaporators for Open Cycle OTEC Systems Open-cycle flash-evaporators include those with open-channel flow, falling films, and falling jets. These conventional evaporators typically perform to within 70% to 80% of the maximum thermodynamic performance at acceptable hydraulic losses. The technological development led to a vertical-spout evaporator that can perform to within 90% of the thermodynamic limit (National Renewable Energy Laboratory). In this evaporator, water is drawn upward through a vertical pipe (a spout) and violently sprayed outward by escaping steam (Bharathan Penney, 1984). To enhance performance, the spray may fall on screens that further break up the droplets and increase the evaporation rate. To avoid pressure loss, the evaporator has simple intake and exit systems that separate the steam from the discharge. Steam continues through the system, and the remaining seawater is discharged from the bottom of the evaporator. Violent flashing in a spout evaporator causes seawater droplets to be entrained by the steam. If they are not removed, these droplets can cause erosion and stress-corrosion cracking in turbine blades and contaminate the desalinated water discharge as well. Passing the steam through the commercially available mist eliminators used in the process industry removes a sufficient quantity of these seawater droplets (Bharathan Penney, 1984). 3.4.3 Turbines In the open cycle process, after the droplets are removed, steam flows through large, low-pressure turbines, entering at a pressure of about 2.4 kPa. These turbines must be able to handle the large steam flows necessary to produce a significant amount of electric power. Multistage turbines used in nuclear or coal-fired power plants are already available. The low-pressure stages of these turbines typically operate at conditions close to those needed in an open-cycle OTEC plant. In close cycle OTEC systems the turbine needs not be so large because it works with vapor at elevated pressures. 3.4.4 Condensers for Open Cycle OTEC Systems Once the steam passes through the turbines, it can be condensed in direct-contact condensers or surface condensers. A surface condenser consists of an intermediate solid wall, which is absent in direct-contact condensers and therefore the latter provides more effective condensation (Bharathan, Parsons, Althof 1988). In one design-a two-stage condenser (see figure 4 below) developed at Solar Energy Research Institute-cold seawater is distributed through two open-ended vessels filled with a commercially available structured packing material. About 80% of the steam is condensed as it flows through the first vessel in the same direction as the cold seawater. The remaining steam is routed into the bottom of the second vessel and flows through it in the opposite direction to the seawater. At the top of the second vessel, a vacuum system pumps out the non-condensable (inert) gases along with any uncondensed steam (National Renewable Energy Laboratory). Figure : Illustration of a two stage condenser (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) Surface condensers keep the cooling seawater separate from the spent steam during condensation. By using indirect contact, the condensers produce desalinated water that is relatively free of seawater impurities. The surface condensers considered for use in OTEC systems are similar to those used in conventional power plants; however, these surface condensers must operate under lower pressures and with higher amounts of non-condensable gases in the steam. These non-condensable gases which are present in the open cycle system are released from the seawater when it is exposed to low pressures under vacuum and are namely oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide. Air can also enter the open cycle vacuum chamber through leaks therefore decent construction techniques can reduce the rate of air leakage to very low levels. These gases, if are not removed from the vacuum vessel, they can build up enough pressure to stop evaporation. An exhaust compressor is usually used to remove these non-condensab le gases. The compressor however requires about 10% of the total power generated by the system (Parsons, Bharathan, Althof, 1985). 4. Methodology In this section, pending work and project plan summary will be described. For the final project, the literature review might be expanded a bit more to include the various types of working fluids that can be used. Furthermore, a section explaining the thermodynamics behind the operation of the OTEC cycle (Carnot efficiency and Rankine cycle) will be added, followed by a more realistic calculation on the OTEC actual thermal efficiency, net power output and production of desalinated water. Once these calculations are carried out, a reasonably concise section on the application of solar heating on OTEC will be written. Then an investigation on the effect of increasing water inlet temperature on power generation and fresh water production will be carried out. In addition, the effect of an increase in pressure on power generation and fresh water production will also be included. Computational software such as Wolframalpha or Matlab will help in determining the relationship between variable temperatures and pressures on power generation and desalinated water production. If time allows it, simulation software such as Simul8 will be used to find the optimum conditions for the hybrid cycle OTEC plant. A section of discussion and analysis of results will follow explaining the obtained results, including suggestions for improving the design. Finally, a segment explaining by what means the proposed hybrid cycle OTEC plant is suitable for operation in Cyprus. This segment will include the economic factors involved (need for finance, government subsidies etc.), drawbacks and benefits such a plant will have on the island. 5. Gantt Chart The Gantt Chart below represents the plan for completion of the project including important deadline dates for presentations and submission of the report. Figure : Figure showing the Gantt Chart 6. Conclusion Water and energy are essential for human life. A steady supply of energy and water is indispensable for improving the living standard and economic stability of any country, especially countries which face water shortage problems like Cyprus. The goal of this report is to demonstrate the characteristics of a dual purpose OTEC plant and through various design considerations find the optimum conditions for such a plant to be as productive and as efficient as possible and at the same time be economically viable to attract investors.

Much Ado About Nothing :: essays research papers

I wasn’t able to attend the play in Spring Green, WI, so I will be giving an explanation of one of the characters of the play. I have chosen to talk about Beatrice, and I hope I can make it two whole pages.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Beatrice is the niece of Leonato, who is am influential figure in Messina, where the story, Much Ado About Nothing, takes place. He is also a good friend with Don Pedro who leads an army, which has just come back from battle.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  She is a very pretty young woman, with a very outgoing attitude. She tells it like it is, and doesn’t care what people think about her. Everyone loves her, and she is quite the entertainer. Beatrice makes everyone laugh, with her witty remarks. She’s a very intelligent person, and she knows it. So does everyone else for that matter.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Beatrice always says, throughout almost the entire play that she could never get married, because she would never be able to find a man that could make her happy, in fact she is almost sure that the perfect man for her doesn’t exist. She doesn’t need a man in her life, and she’s perfectly happy being without a husband. Now don’t get me wrong, she isn’t a mean person, she’s just really independent.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Well that was until Benedick, a very handsome military man with an attitude equal to Beatrice’s, came along. They bickered back and forth and spoke constantly about how much they hated each other, and butted heads whenever possible. So, it was obvious to everyone around them that they were perfect for eachother. There was a little trickery and they ended up falling head over heals in love with one another.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  So, even though she wasn’t looking for a man and never planned to, she got him.

Scalar Vector

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with time. Velocity is a vector physical quantity; both magnitude and direction are required to define it. The length of an imaginary straight path, typically distinct from the path actually traveled by P. Distance is a numerical description of how far apart objects are. In physics or everyday usage, distance may refer to a physical length, or an estimation Time in physics is defined by its measurement Formula Acceleration= change in velocity / time intervalAverage velocity= displacement/time Oz (square root of) squared plus y squared D=ext X=d/t Units The gal, sometimes called Galileo, (symbol Gal) The SSL unit of speed and velocity is the ratio of two -? the mutterer second. The standard unit of displacement in the International System Of Units ( SSL ) is the meter (m). Meter (m) In the International System of Units (SSL), the unit of time is the second (symbol: Examples At an amusement park, when you ride a reallocates is starts slowl y, then faster, then slows down again.If you walk to a campsite 1 mile away and then jack to your start point within 1 hour: Your average speed would be: total distance/time = 2 miles/ 1 hour or 2 miles per hour How far does the earth travel in one year? In terms of distance, quite far (the circumference of the earth's orbit is nearly one trillion meters), but in terms of displacement, not far at all (zero, actually). At the end of a year's time the earth is right back where it started from. It hasn't gone anywhere.

The Technique In The Great Gat essays

The Technique In The Great Gat essays The Great Gatsby is Fitzgeralds finest novel, it was published in1925, and Eliot considered it to be the first step that America has taken since Henry James1. It is a sensitive and symbolic treatment of themes of contemporary life related with irony and pathos to the legendry of American dream. Nick Carraway, a young Midwesterner who sells bonds in New York, lives at West Egg, Long Islands, which is separated from the city by an ashdump, whose distinctive feature is an oculists faded billboard with a pair of great staring eyes behind yellow spectacles, symbolic of an obscenely futile world. Nicks neighbor is mysterious Jay Gatsby, whose mansion and fabulous entertainments are financed by bootlegging and other criminal activities. As a poor army lieutenant, Gatsby had fallen in love with Nicks cousin Daisy, who later married Tom Buchanan, an unintelligent, brutal man of wealth. Through Nick, he manages to meet Daisy again, impresses her by his extravagant devotion, and makes her his mistress. Her husband takes as his mistress Myrtle Wilson, sensual wife of a garage man. When her husband becomes jealous and imprisons her in her room, Myrtle escapes, runs out on the highway, and is accidentally hit by Daisy, who drives on. Gatsby tries to protect Daisy, and Tom, to whom she h as become reconciled, brings his hatred of her lover to a climax by telling Myrtles husband that it was Gatsby who killed her. Wilson shoots Gatsby and then himself. At the end of the story, Nick leaves the East and returns to the Mid-west. The Great Gatsby is the subject of many and diverse critical assessments and reappraisals that have elevated the novel to its current prominent position in American literature2. In this novel, Fitzgerald used many techniques: the controlled and detached point of view, the crafted structure and symbolism, all these distinguish The Great Gatsby from the style of h...

Thomas Jefferson Out-federalized the Federalists essays

Thomas Jefferson Out-federalized the Federalists essays During the time surrounding the ratification of the constitution, Thomas Jefferson was quite possibly the most pronounced and respected Democratic-Republican. His strict opposition of an overly industrious America, coupled with his fear of a tyrannical government, illustrated Jeffersons purely Republican views. However, during his presidency, his actions didnt always mirror his ideals. Turning towards Federalist views to solve some of the major problems occurring during his reign, Jefferson actually ended up Out-federalizing the Federalists. These Federalist views started to become evident even before Jefferson was elected president. In 1776, he designed and composed a Constitution for the state of Virginia. The plan included an effective system of checks and balances, including a lower house which was to be elected by the people, and a senate which was to be elected by the members of the house. When a different constitution was chosen, his criticisms emulated that of a strict federalist. Jefferson complained that the chosen system lacked a good system of checks. His reasoning was that the senate and house were both chosen by voters, thus making them too alike. This is when Jefferson concluded that the government, even when chosen by the people, still had too much power(Madaras and SoRelle 179). Perhaps the most prevalent shift of views occurred with the Louisiana Purchase. When Napoleon and the French signed the Treaty of San Ildefonso they regained title to Louisiana from the Spanish. Jeffersons initial feelings towards this movement were those of excitement because of his admiration and support of the French. These notions quickly and drastically changed when he realized that whoever inhabited New Orleans was, by sheer geographical location, Americas enemy. This area was the outlet where all of the produce of the western region of America left the country and traveled to markets a...

Undecided Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Undecided - Essay Example According to Foucault, achieving control over the individuals is one of fundamental motives in exercising discipline. Attaining power also acts as a means of transforming the behavior of subjects. Detainees get essential services from their closets and do not have the freedom to interact (Foucault, 2008). Foucault also elaborated the effects of discipline given the control that it attracts on subjects. He related discipline and control to the Panopticon designed by Bentham. The Panopticon was an effective structure in conducting day and night surveillance of prisoners without their awareness. The structure had several prison cells surrounding a high observation tower, with masked windows to hide the surveillance unit officers. It was challenging to realize the presence of any light inside the tower to keep prisoners guessing. The masking of tower’s windows would hide anyone inside. Control, according to Foucault, is achievable from discipline instilled and is the center of att aining power over subjects. The design was to keep the prisoners unaware of any surveillance going on in the tower, at any time. The design of the Panopticon gained dominance in design of most present day prisons. The effectiveness of the design in enabling observation of prisoners, while they remain unaware, was the main reason for its adoption. Current security measures as the observation cameras also use the same design in surveillance. Panopticism is an avenue of achieving power over the conduct of humans and an avenue where exercise of power takes place. The Panopticon is a representation of the modern society utilizing discipline and punishment. Although Foucault appreciates the freedom of members of any society, he maintains that control and examination are vital for institutions and governments to undertake as an avenue of control. Directed by M. Scorsese and adapted by L. Kalogridis in 2010, Shutter Island is an American masterpiece thriller movie that attracted a plausible number of viewers. The movie setting is in 1954 and it features investigative roles by Teddy Daniels. Shutter Island is a facility for the criminally insane, converted from its former function as a fortress used by Civil War fighters. Daniels has long experience in investigation given his role throughout the Second World War. Daniel’s role is to find out the loss of a patient from the facility on the Island. The patient, Rachel Solando, was under medication at the hospital of the mentally insane. The investigator has to perform against several constraints including denied access to crucial documents at the facility that would be important for the investigation. The facility management does not cooperate with Daniels and the mission turns challenging from the beginning. Their mission faces many distractions including the great storm that separates the two, Daniels and Chuck Aule, his partner. They find it stressful but do not stop at that. Their investigation skills are super b to allow them access shocking information about the facility’s illegal operations. Although Daniels is on a mission to investigate the case of a disappeared patient at the facility, he has other interests as well. He holds the belief that he may find credible information surrounding the horrible death of his wife, at the medical facility. The chief at the prison, Dr. Cawley, holds exceptional authority to command what favors him most. This further complicates the whole process of investigation. The

Discussion Topics for Management Course - United States Essay

Discussion Topics for Management Course - United States - Essay Example In this case, employees feel motivated and increase their dedication business practices, something that enhances its chances of success and quality outcomes. It is important for business executives to understand that risk and uncertainty are not actually similar. Uncertainty often concerns possible results and outcomes, which are not known to the business managers. On the other hand, risks can be described as certain kinds of uncertainties that involve actual probabilities of loss for various outcomes (Ferrell & Fraedrich, 2005). In this case, it is evident that situations involving risks can be accounted for easily as compared to those involving uncertainties. The process of making decisions based on risky conditions has to seek, where possible to provide a definite identification of risks, quantifying and absorbing them. In this case, business executives have to understand that the quantity of a risk is often equivalent to the total of all the probabilities relating to the particular risky outcome, alongside the expected loss from the outcome. From the foregone discussion it is evident that business managers are better placed to account for the management outcomes that are made under risky situations that those involving certainties. One of the most important aspects of a business’ management decision-making process is accounting for the outcomes. Accountability, in this case is needed in the process of making assessments and evaluations, which are important in the growth and development stages of the business (Ferrell & Fraedrich, 2005). Business managers are expected to avoid uncertainty situations in the business, this is because, they often lead to many losses in the management process. Risky situations can often bring positive outcomes depending on the effectiveness of the decisions made in the business. This is the reason why business managers that make effective decisions over

Foreign Influence on English Football Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Foreign Influence on English Football - Essay Example The article written by Patrick Mcgovern challenges the basis behind the import of foreign players into English football. He states that the global market is a free process which changes the nature of the economic competition. Having investigated hiring practices for the English football league during 1946 to 1995, one aspect of the conclusions was that globalization might be a reasonable thing to expect. It points out that global influence is not just about players. It is also about economic social and political factors that can have either national or indeed British origins. However, this article also points out that there is consistency in the types of foreign players that are chosen to play in the English league. This can be in terms of climate, culture, language and, the style of football. This would fit countries such as Scotland, Ireland, northern Europe and Australia. However, the article fails to point out that quite a number of foreign players have come from South America, s uch as Argentina or Brazil. Their influence cannot be discounted. Therefore, the choice of fine players is partly due to culture choices.

Vanity Fair Essay Example for Free

Vanity Fair Essay Vanity Fair, an English novel written by William Makepeace Thackeray (United Kingdom: Punch Magazine, January 1847 July 1948), epitomizes the early 19th century of British society of the duplicity of social climbers, sabotages, avarices, lovelessness, pretentiousness, selfishness. It, at the same time, captures mix pack of emotion of people who have their origin and counterpart in society as a whole. Furthermore, it is a satirical expose of William’s masterpiece which exposes every chunk of the repulsive truth in the real society, not only in the 19th century, but also in our contemporary world. In the story Vanity Fair, it depicts a few decades time of a group of British people’s life in 19th century. The novel opens at Miss Pinkertons Academy, where we are introduced to Amelia Sedley and Rebecca Sharp (Becky), the novels female protagonists. Amelia and Becky are friends, but they are completely the opposites. Amelia is kind and innocent and comes from a loaded family. Becky, in contrary, is cunning, clever, and scheming and emerges from a deprived condition. The story continues when Becky spends her time at the Sedleys and ingratiates herself into the family and tries her best to entice Amelia’s brother, Joseph, an obese inept man. She practically succeeds her attempt, when George Osborne presents and foils this plan; he intends to marry Amelia and does not want a governess for a sister-in-law. Then, Becky works as governess at Queens Crawley, and marries Rawdon Crawley, second son of Sir Pitt Crawley. Consequently from this marriage, Rawdons rich aunt, Matilda, disinherits him. Meanwhile, Amelia pines over George, who disrespects and disregards her while he is in the military. Dobbin, Georges closest friend who is also surreptitiously in love with Amelia, begs him to treat her kindly. George eventually agrees to marry Amelia, but just as his father prophesied, the Sedleys come to business crisis. Georges father disowns him because of the marriage. Both couples endeavor to live arduously. Sadly, George dies in the battle field at Waterloo. Both Amelia and Becky deliver babies. Amelia sends Georgy, her son, to live with the Osbornes because of her dreadful situation. When Sir Pitt dies, young Mr. Crawley, Rawdon’s elder brother, inherits the estate and Aunt Matildas money. Becky again ingratiates herself with a man named Lord Steyne, who brings her out into high society. After Rawdon discovers that Becky neglects to get him out of prison, where he has landed himself for unpaid debts, he is finally convinced that money means everything to Becky, and he finally decides to leave to Coventry Island where he dies of yellow fever. At the end, Dobbin returns to England, and he finds Amelia. Dobbin stays to help Amelia care for her son. Mr. Osborne dies and leaves his money for Amelia and Georgy, and three of them set off to Europe, where they find Becky. Becky confesses to Amelia that she had been developing a relationship with George, and Amelia finally sees George for who he really was, and marries Dobbin. I was feeling excited and miserable simultaneously by the author’s writing that truly indicates about social discrimination, emphasizing on wealth and social rank/status, which immensely reflected the reality world. I learned that everything is all about the prominent reputation: â€Å"If Mr. Joseph is rich and unmarried, why shouldnt I marry him? I have only a few weeks, to be sure, but there’s no harm in trying(P. 3 L. 2) Becky wanted to climb up from where she was, the place she did not really think she belongs to, by seducing and alluring a rich guy. Although, she didn’t succeed at first place, when George ceased the marriage on the account of not wanting a governess for sister-in-law, still she perfectly managed to scheme her way up to the top of the heap without demonstrating and being cautious about morality; she used all her adeptly cunning and deceiving ability to obtain what she desired; social ranking and money. Moreover, the marriage of Amelia and George was undermined by Georges father. It infers that social status and wealth can determine everything, it even thoroughly eradicates your massive effort: In fact, unless Sedley’s can pay me ten thousand pounds now, there will be no marriage between you and Amelia Sedley. (P. 24 L26) I was really upset with this false values and practices of society, even though I know that there still exists in our real world. However, the author did not just portray one side of a thing, he also provided the mixture of evil and good in the story, just as in our recent real contemporary world. There were some good people such as Amelia, Lady Jane, William Dobbin and more. Due to the good-naturedness and generosity of Amelia, she was truly loved by the gentleman, Dobbin throughout the whole story. I have loved and watched you for fifteen years, (P. 110 L2) At the end of the story, I could see that they lived happily ever after, except for Becky who is so despicable that even her own son didnt consent to have her as a mother, and she deserved it. It opens up my eyes and makes me realize that you may encounter some horrendous time in life, but once and for all, you will be rewarded from what you have conceived. I also caught the book so very interesting of how the author has created the factual truth by implying the power of charm and beauty can sometimes be unpredictably venomous. According to the book: â€Å"In fact, he was convinced that Becky was in love with him, unable to resist such a handsome, charming fellow as himself† (Page 43 Line1) It obviously showed that Rebecca has successfully concocted trap to deceive George to fall for her and gained all the benefit to herself by pulling George to play porker with her adept husband. These are all done by the adeptly ingratiating and the undoubtedly talented nature of a person. After I read this story, I was once again alarmed to see that a person like Becky can be so meretricious she can take advantage over other people around her just to achieve her falsely audacious goal. To my perspective, I strongly admire her aptitude in manipulating and convincing other to be enthralled by her charming appearance in order to survive in the high society: â€Å"George thought Becky clever, amusing, stylish, and altogether delightful. (Page 32 Line15) However, I am extremely repulsed and disgusted by her achievements. From what men have observed and understood, they should be cautious with the woman like Becky, even though they usually fail in doing so and eventually get poisoned by the delicate little venomous snake. â€Å"What a slippery little snake that woman is! † (Page 42 Line14) As Khmer old saying say that women are full of tricks (not necessarily all are bad) and Rebecca is definitely one of those. Not to be harsh to women, but I am not saying that all women are not trust-worthy, yet for men, we ought to be aware of what women are capable of doing and not be too hasty to trust someone. As living in Vanity Fair, money, possessions and positions are being enormously valued more important than human beings. The setting could be applied in modern times, and it can still be true today. There are many people who are constantly trying to reach the top of the heap, selling themselves for popularity, money, or position, and some fighting over money/inheritance. However, people will eventually realize that those things will not remain immortal. Last but not least, the author wants to inform us that although we may live in vanity, the greatness of reputation and possession, it does not mean that we are slaves to its values, which in the final analysis turn into futility and emptiness. We should value more on the relationship, harmony and loyalty that are not easily attained. Vanity Fair is a long yet worthwhile reading. From my perspective, â€Å"Vanity Fair† is a classic and must-read novel that you would not want to miss reading it.

Characteristics of Stem Cells :: essays research papers

Stem cells have two important characteristics that distinguish them from other types of cells. First, they are unspecialized cells that renew themselves for long periods through cell division. The second is that under certain physiologic or experimental conditions, they can be induced to become cells with special functions such as the beating cells of the heart muscle or the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. Scientists primarily work with two kinds of stem cells from animals and humans: embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells, which have different functions and characteristics that will be explained in this document. Scientists discovered ways to obtain or derive stem cells from early mouse embryos more than 20 years ago. Many years of detailed study of the biology of mouse stem cells led to the discovery, in 1998, of how to isolate stem cells from human embryos and grow the cells in the laboratory. These are called human embryonic stem cells. The embryos used in these studies were created for infertility purposes through in vitro fertilization procedures and when they were no longer needed for that purpose, they were donated for research with the informed consent of the donor. Stem cells are important for living organisms for many reasons. In the 3- to 5-day-old embryo, called a blastocyst, stem cells in developing tissues give rise to the multiple specialized cell types that make up the heart, lung, skin, and other tissues. In some adult tissues, such as bone marrow, muscle, and brain, discrete populations of adult stem cells generate replacements for cells that are lost through normal wear and tear, injury, or disease. It has been hypothesized by scientists that stem cells may, at some point in the future, become the basis for treating diseases such as Parkinson's disease, diabetes, and heart disease. Scientists want to study stem cells in the laboratory so they can learn about their essential properties and what makes them different from specialized cell types. As scientists learn more about stem cells, it may become possible to use the cells not just in cell-based therapies, but also for screening new drugs and toxins and understanding birth defects.

Wasteland by TS Eliot :: essays papers

Wasteland by T.S. Eliot The driving force of all life is procreation and re-birth. For mankind, vegetation, the animal kingdom, the survival of the species is the dominant factor and only the fittest survive. For millennia, different races have believed that the fertility of the land depended on the sexual potency of their ruler or favour of their gods. Pagan, Roman, Greek and other gods have been invented who were believed to control the fertility of the land, such as Ceres, the Roman goddess of agriculture, on which the survival of their populations has been believed to have depended. Various superstitions and religions have further developed and become significant factors in the lives of billions of the world's population. The Waste Land takes these themes and portrays a dead land that lacks the fertility and sexual potency needed to sustain and progress life. A land void of what is needed for re-birth. The 4 life-giving elements: Earth, Air, Fire, Water. Earth is sterile; Air is turned to "brown fog"; Fire burns; Water drowns. The sexual imageries are unproductive: sex is present as a lustful functional device but lacking of the necessary fertility. Superstitions are turned to by the society in search of the answer in the form of Tarot cards and religion is a constant thread as evidenced by the recurring Biblical references and themes. In The Burial of the Dead we see that he gives us an image of the Earth as sterile, instead of being the foundation of vegetation. It is only a repository for the dead. Earth is the 1st. of the 4 natural elements. These 4 opening lines echo the "April", "root", "Lilac/flower", and "rain/shower" imagery of the 4 opening lines of The General Prologue of Chaucer's Canterbury Tales. These lines are reflecting the image of life and death. Rain usually nurtures and strengthens plants and sustains them, but here we see that life even with water is slowly dying and wasting away. He later goes on to say that the trees will give no shelter and the crickets, no relief. This line comes from Ecclesiastes 12:5-7: "Also when they shall be afraid of that which is high, and fears shall be in the way, and the almond tree shall flourish, and the grasshopper shall be a burden, and desire shall fail: because man goeth to his long home, and the mourners go about the streets. Or ever the silver cord be loosed, or the golden bowl be broken, or the pitcher be broken at the fountain, or the wheel broken at the cistern.

A relaxing day on the beach

Why would you choose any beach other than Galveston? The Galveston Island beach is peaceful and serene. The list of natural luxuries this haven provides is endless; and as I sit here relaxed, I soak them all in. In peace at the edge of the water, the myriad cares of the world behind me, the warming rays of the sun bathe me in their wonder and glory.The world around me drowns out by the sounds of the wind whispering its song along the coast, and the distant thunder of the surf rolling forward in its never ending struggle to reach the shore.I lose myself in the mist of these beautiful surroundings, and when I close my eyes I am hesitant to open them for fear I might find myself awoke from the most amazing dream. When I do open my eyes, and cast their gaze outward upon the beautiful blue expanse before me, I contemplate the contrasts of the world in which I am submerged.The warm touch of sun upon my face and shoulders, the cooling sensations of the water washing over my feet with each s urge in the tide, and the sounds of amiable laughter from the seagulls that dance endlessly into the breeze mixed with the surf roaring in its own baritone voice.Both wishing their voice to be heard over the other and yet, in the end, combining into an opera of nature, singing me further into reverie in my chair at the edge of the water.Even the sound of Galveston Island Beach patrollers driving along on their ATVs was just faint enough to blend in with the background sound of the surroundings and still manage to make feel safe and secure. I watch as the surf crashes on the rocks near the shore and the seagulls fly in swirling poetic patterns.This is paradise in its barest form. Who could ask for more? â€Å"The Beach Blues† Could I have chosen a worst vacation spot?Surrounding me in, what to the casual observer can only be described as, a competition for the right to be heard by all are the sounds of the tourists with their stereos blasting a nuance of different styles of mu sic, there incessant questioning of their spouses or friends as to the hue of their skin, and their children screeching incessantly about ownership of some insignificant trinket.The beach is smothered with cigarette butts and empty cans in the sand, deserted remnants of plastic toys, probably left behind long enough for the children who broke them to grow to adulthood and bring children of their own to cut their little feet on the same jagged fragments that dig in my heels. The neglected and unforgiving terrain of the beach is at least bearable and it pales in comparison to devastating scents emitting from its tenants.I realize cutting off my nose might be a good idea when down the coast emerges a breeze that, while eagerly anticipated as a source of relief and refreshment from the glaring sun of the day, is now reviled for the scent of what can only be described as rotting seaweed being carried along in its embrace. The smell is so retched, I can taste it.The sand baked by the sun, and battered by the multitudes of sun worshippers and their children, has become as hot ash from a fire scattered about waiting to greet the soles of the feet of the next brave soul willing to try and reach the edge of the water.If the heat from the sand’s surface were not enough, the rays from the sun presses against my skin like an endless supply of needles prickling at my flesh, and I dare not close my eyes for fear the lids might burn clear off; dually, I’m blinded by this ball of hellfire in the sky. Kill me now.

Easy Baking Powder Substitution for Cooking

Easy Baking Powder Substitution for Cooking Are you doing any baking? If you find yourself having only baking soda and a recipe that calls for baking powder, or vice versa, do you know enough about cooking chemistry to make a substitution? All you need is a bit of cooking chemistry to save the day. Using Baking Powder When the Recipe Calls for Baking Soda You can substitute baking powder in place of baking soda, though you will need a bit more baking powder, because it contains additional ingredients. If the recipe calls for baking soda, use 2-4 times more baking powder. So, if the recipe uses 1/2 teaspoon baking soda, use at least 1 teaspoon baking powder. Another suggestion is to replace an acidic liquid in the recipe with a non-acidic one. For example, if you are doing a substitution and the recipe calls for buttermilk, youll get better results if you change to regular milk. Using Baking Soda When the Recipe Calls for Baking Powder You cant directly substitute baking soda if you are out of baking powder. However, you can make your own baking powder, using two parts cream of tartar and one part baking soda. It can get a bit tricky to get the measurements right if you only need 1 teaspoon of baking powder, so what you might want to do is mix up a small batch of homemade baking powder and save the rest for later (stored in a sealed container to keep moisture away). Mix together 1 teaspoon baking soda with 2 teaspoons cream of tartar. Then measure the amount of baking powder that you need from that mixture. Another variation on this recipe is to mix 1/4 teaspoon baking soda, 1/4 teaspoon corn starch, and 1/2 teaspoon cream of tartar. This yields 1 teaspoon of baking powder, which also acts as a double-acting baking powder. Youll get the best results with this version if you use 1 teaspoon of the homemade baking powder for every 1 cup of flour in the recipe. If you use homemade baking powder, be sure to bake your recipe right away after mixing the ingredients. There are commercial baking powders that will allow you to let a recipe sit for a while before baking, but its generally a good plan to start heating the food immediately, since the reaction that causes baked goods to rise starts as soon as the wet ingredients are added. Notes About Baking Substitutions Substituting leavening agents such as baking powder and baking soda doesnt usually have a huge impact on flavor because these ingredients are present in fairly small amounts. However, you might notice a flavor or texture difference. It wont necessarily be bad. In fact, you might discover a new favorite recipe!

ISHAYA AJET HOSEA 130151 CPBLG Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers

ISHAYA AJET HOSEA 130151 CPBLG Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers ISHAYA AJET HOSEA 130151 CPBLG Investing in Africa's Future College of Business, Peace, Leadership and Governance Ethics and Natural Resource Management ( PEP515 ) Lecturer: Mrs. Bere Question: Using a case study of your choice examine the strengths and weaknesses of state environmental agencies in enforcing environmental policies Due Date: 2 April 2018 Introduction The activities of human beings in their pursuit for development in every field of existence have impacted on the environment adversely negative. The by-product of these activities has led to a reduction in the quality of the land, air and water of which the environment generally consists of. The activities of human beings pollute the environment and these pollution effect need to be checked in order to prevent the destruction of the environment and Extinction of the human race from the face of the earth. These human activities, left unchecked, could also endanger the continuation of life earth. This can be done through an effective enforcement of environmental protection laws (Dimowo, 2010). However, these environmental protection laws do not function independent of challenges. Therefore, the protection and preservation of the environment is here and now perceived as being of crucial importance to the future of mankind (Allison-Kulo, 2017) The situation at hand has made many organizations, foremost imperatives to the trend of law and change. Among some of the foremost organizations is the United Nations. The United Nations has the sole proprietorship rights "to enact" numerous legislations and conventions meant to protect the environment. However, the lack of enforcement of these laws stands out as the most fundamental cause of the inability of the legislations to protect the environment. Therefore, this paper seeks to examine the enforcement of environmental regulatory laws with emphasis on Nigeria. It will also examine the problem associated with enforcement with a view to making necessary recommendations that could ultimately enhance the protection of the environment. Environmental Law Like many other legal terms, the term "environmental law" may be seen as having a central core of meaning surrounded by what may be termed as partial-shade of uncertainty (Blawell, 1961). Within the core are to be found those laws which relates to fortification of natural resources and peoples gratification of them. Natural resources include air, land, water, fauna, and climate . Just outside the "core" of environmental law, are laws designed to protect the quality of life of particular group of people. These laws, for example, relate to sanitation in dwelling. According to (Blawell, 1961:95), such laws are more usually categorized as environmental health laws. Further still outside the core, but within the partial shade are laws which protect the society generally such as laws relating to road traffic or vandalism (Thornton, 1996) . At the very edge of the cloudiness, are laws designed to protect and augment people's commercial activities such as those relating to carriage of goods by road, rail, and sea. These, although not generally thought of in any sense as environmental law, can have profound impact on the protection and enjoyment of the natural resources. Going with Thornton's, the most effective definition of environmental law then is perhaps one that is all encompassing. However, environmental law has been defined as comprising "legal strategies and procedures intended to fight the pollution, abuse and neglect of air, earth, and water resources (Thornton, 1996) ." BACKGROUND Beliefs behind Environmental Regulation As a organization of law, environmental law originated as a collection of rules that grew up at irregular intervals, as a random and a little at a time response to specific environmental problems, but has currently pull off a certain degree of consistency, in the sense that it has a clear and unified rational foundation. The above statement is also a true assertion of the progressive development of environmental law in Nigeria. However, the theoretical basis of environmental law in Nigeria may not be easily associated. Some of these theories include: Anthropocentric Beliefs This view was postulated by an Australian philosopher John Passmore, who wrote out a sense of alarm that "man cannot continue to live as predators on the biosphere and if contemporary civilization is to survive, it must, in important respect, change its way (John, 1974) . This theory posits that

Major Works Data Sheet Essay Essays

Major Works Data Sheet Essay Essays Major Works Data Sheet Essay Paper Major Works Data Sheet Essay Paper In this column. take five citations from the text. one concentrating on each of the undermentioned literary elements: In this column. analyse the significance of your citations. Let the undermentioned inquiries to steer your responses: Why is this of import? What does this reveal? Why does the writer say it this manner? What is the tone/mood of this transition? Subject â€Å"Seek felicity in repose and avoid aspiration. †-Victor Frankenstein This is portion of the subject of the book. sometimes excessively much cognition is a bad thing. like the decease of Victors household members. He did non believe through the effects of making such a animal and therefore it led to the decease of his household. He now wishes that he had been happy and grateful for the life that he was populating alternatively of trying to change it. because so possibly his household would still be alive. Word picture â€Å"William. Justine. and Henry – they all died by my custodies. †-Victor Frankenstein This quotation mark is an look of the sorrow and the guilt that Victor feels for being the ground his household died. Because of the decease of his household he has a really Debbie Downer mentality on life and does non stop up doing the monstrous animal his comrade. Puting â€Å"When I looked around I saw and heard of none like me. Was I. the. a monster. a smudge upon the Earth from which all work forces fled and whom all work forces disowned? † – The monster. Chapter 13. page 105 The animal realizes what a monster he is. because everyone he encounters tallies from him in panic. He is lonely on this Earth and wants Victor to do him a comrade in female signifier. Symbolismâ€Å"What was I? Of my creative activity and Godhead I was perfectly nescient. but I knew that I possessed no money. no friends. and no sort of belongings. I was. besides. endued with a figure horridly deformed and loathsome†¦was I. so. a monster. a smudge upon the Earth. from which all work forces fled and whom all work forces disowned. â€Å" -The animal. chapter 13 Sometime after being created by Victor. the animal no longer thought that he was happy and did non understand why he was alive. He tried to suit in with the universe around him but everyone was afraid of him and at one point or another he merely gave up on seeking to suit in with society. In this quotation mark he explains his actions and the logical thinking behind them. Imagination â€Å"It was already one in the forenoon ; the rain pattered drearily against the window glasss. and my taper was about burnt out. when. by the gleam of the half-extinguished visible radiation. I saw the dull xanthous oculus of the animal open†¦Ã¢â‚¬  -Victor Frankenstein. Chapter 5 This is when Victor brings the animal to life. the animal that he has work infinitely. passing all of his clip on it. This scene is used in films to do audiences fear the monster that Victor created.

Writing assignment 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Writing assignment 1 - Essay Example I have experienced conflict with my professor to a point I contemplated dropping out but I chose to obey him. My experience with my professor trained me that I have to obey authority since in higher education as a student I stand to gain or lose in the brave new world. The professor has the authorization of setting the curriculum and all students must abide by it. I decided to invest in E-learning since it was worth the time and resources. The instruction for online learning requires curriculum, technology device, the professor, and l the learner. A flourishing online classroom has collaborative learning processes and outcomes. In lieu with technology I had to learn an entire web based software suite to enable me in my online class. At first the university support team gave me a hand until I was able to write all the content and make updates. My teaching style had the alignment of a facilitator model prior to beginning the course. Initially I was not sure of the student-professor communication since I was used to the traditional face-to-face class. The key to success in online learning is the communication and interaction with the professor just as it is with face-to-face in a classroom scenario. My processor of distance education leads me to experience four types of challenges that include academic property, academic freedom, faculty workloa d, and academic job market. I am troubled by the simple fact that my distance education professor fails to provide me with quality education. I reckon that the physical separation between the faculty and the students prevent a good interpersonal contact between the professor and the student. The faculty members of the university have devised inappropriate testing procedures that make it difficult for me to receive quality education. I have criticized the professor severally for the amount of problems of higher education. The issue of intellectual property entails the ownership of the course materials. A student can

Capacity and Legality Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Capacity and Legality - Assignment Example The law states that there are three classes of persons that may not have the mental capability or adequately developed minds to convene. They include the minors or infants, people suffering from mind defects or illnesses that are cruel enough to negate their mental ability, and individuals under the influence of alcohol whose intoxication is harsh enough to wipe out their mental capability. When a contracting person is impaired by mental defects to a level that he is formally adjudicated; then the contract is void and disaffirmed. In the case of Della and Perry, they can disaffirm the contract because they are highly intoxicated thus not in the right capacity of mind to meet the agreement conditions. The agreement is void. 2. Jasmine can disaffirm the following items: the tickets to the concerts, the medication recommended by her dermatologist for acne, and the down payment for the care. This is because her age does not permit het to enter into a contract with anyone. She does not have the mind competency to understand the requirements for her to enter into agreement. Her mental capacity does not allow her to buy medicine for herself and also to enter in to the cinemas. 3. Keeping the car means that her mother will enter into the contract with the other party on behalf of Jasmine. To ratify t5he agreement, Jasmine’s mother has to sign it on behalf of her daughter. Jasmines mother will be liable for the car agreement in case Jasmine does not honor the monthly payment agreements. 5. Alex should argue that his agreement was non-complete and the time allocated did not allow him to have the competency to complete to think through the agreement comprehensively. In addition, the contract is unenforceable since it is illegal for the firm to infringe the rights and the privileges of others. They could not give him a job continuously, thus he deserves a new job. 6. An exculpatory clause is a section of an agreement that allows one party to liberate the other

Andragogy and Pedagogy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Andragogy and Pedagogy - Essay Example In the pedagogical model, the teacher has full responsibility for making decisions about what will be learned, how it will be learned, when it will be learned, and if the material has been learned (Knowles, 1984). Pedagogy, or teacher-directed instruction as it is commonly known, places the student in a submissive role requiring obedience to the teacher's instructions. It is based on the assumption that learners need to know only what the teacher teaches them. The result is a teaching and learning situation that actively promotes dependency on the instructor (Knowles, 1984). Andragogy. A competing idea in terms of instructing adult learners, and one that gathered momentum within the past three decades, has been dubbed andragogy ("Individualizing" 2007). The growth and development of andragogy as an alternative model of instruction has helped to remedy this situation and improve the teaching of adults ("Individualizing" 2007). The differing models. Andragogy as a system of ideas, concepts, and approaches to adult learning was introduced to adult educators in the United States by Malcolm Knowles (1975, 1980, 1984). The pedagogical model is a content model concerned with the transmitting of information and skills. For example, the teacher decides in advance what knowledge or skill needs to be transmitted, arranges this body of content into logical units, selects the most efficient means for transmitting this content (lectures, readings, lab exercises, films, tapes, for example), and then develops a plan for presenting these units in some sequence (Knowles 1973). By contrast, the andragogical model is a process concerned with providing procedures and resources for helping learners acquire information and skills. In this model, the teacher (facilitator, change-agent, consultant) prepares a set of procedures for involving the learners in a process that includes (a) establishing a climate conducive to learning, (b) creating a mechanism for mutual planning, (c) diagnosing the needs of learning, (d) formulating program objectives (content) that will satisfy these needs, (e) designing a pattern of learning experiences, (f) conducting these learning experiences with suitable techniques and materials, and (g) evaluating the learning outcomes and re-diagnosing learning needs (Knowles 1973). In order to further distinguish between the pedagogical and andragogical approaches to design and operate adult educational programs, Knowles (1973) compared his andragogical model of human resource development with that used by most traditional educators, which he called a pedagogical model. The dissenters. Opponents to Knowles' concept preferred to view education as a single fundamental human process and felt that even though there were differences between children and adults, the learning activities of men and women were essentially the same as those of boys and girls. They rejected andragogy as an organizing principle in adult education and perceived it as a technique. Some of these were Houle (1972), London (1973) and Elias (1979) who questioned andragogy's theoretical status, general utility, and how it was different from

None Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

None - Essay Example Moreover, the research also concluded that carbon monoxide produced by private automobiles was 95% higher; production of dangerous organic compounds is 92% greater, two times more emission of carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide as compared to public transportation for each person travelling per mile. There was another study conducted in 2004 by Lancaster University, which suggested that switching to train system from the private car or airlines travelling has no significant advantages in terms of environment protection. However, there was an environmental group â€Å"friends of the earth†, who had opposite views regarding the shift and they were not satisfied with the findings of the study conducted by the university (Marston, 2004). They made another study, which revealed that the train system lacked in the modern advancement that had been made for the vehicles and airline industries in terms of better fuel consumption and efficient use of the fuel. A train that travels from London to Edinburgh uses 11.5 liters excess fuel per person as compared to the latest cars working on diesel; and similarly, the trains of Pendolino consumed more fuel per person than the airbus A380 (ABD, 2012). There are some other detailed studies that have concluded that there is a negative and opposite relation between the urban population density and energy consumption per capita. With the help of public transit system, the high urban population densities can be benefited easily and as an inverse relation the use of energy to run the system will be low and the travelling distance will be reduced. Green movements members always are in favor of public transportation because of high benefits in term of less contamination and low pollution than any other travelling system. In 2004, there was a study carried out in the city of Milan, Italy that unveiled the impact of mass transportation on the environment on a day of public transportation strike. The air during 8 days in

SpotifyTM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

SpotifyTM - Essay Example Table of Contents Table of Contents 3 Introduction 4 Discussion 5 Overview of the Online Music Industry 5 Porter’s 5 Forces Analysis 6 VRIN Analysis 7 Analyzing Spotify’s Strategies 8 Information Technology in Spotify 9 Conclusion 10 References 12 Introduction Spotify is a Swedish company involved in providing music streaming services. The streaming content provided by the company is availed from a number of independent and major record labels (Gilmour, 2011). Some of the major content providers of the company include Warner Music Group, Universal, EMI and Sony. Spotify was founded in the year 2006 and is currently headquartered in London,  United Kingdom. The company however started to provide music streaming services from the year 2008. Within two years of its operation, the total membership of the company reached 10 million and between them around 2.5 million were paid members. According to latest reports, as of 2012 the total paid membership of the company reached more than 5 million (Barker, 2012). ... Recently, the company expanded its wings to countries such as Australia, Sweden, Faroe Islands, Belgium, Liechtenstein, Portugal, Denmark, Austria, Finland, France, New Zealand, Germany, Poland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Andorra, the Netherlands, Monaco, Norway, Spain, Switzerland, and the United States. This report will evaluate the strategies of the company with the help of several strategic frameworks. In addition, the report will also shed light on the strategic role played by information technology towards the progress of the company. However, the report will mainly emphasize on how the company is using information systems to support their business strategy. The report will begin by providing a brief overview of the digital music industry. Discussion Overview of the Online Music Industry The digital music industry can be broadly classified into two segments: the digital download market and streaming market. The digital music industry is one of the new business segments and is growing at a rapid pace. According to reports, in 2012 the revenue of this industry witnessed a growth of 8 % from 2011 and is presently valued at $5.2 billion (Thomes, 2011). However most of the revenue is generated by digital download business and the streaming market contributes only 10 % of the total revenue. Interestingly, the growth rate of the streaming market is more. Companies belonging to this industry, principally differentiate themselves on the basis of regions of operation, licensed music libraries, features, and also the packaging. Apart from that, companies are also offering several value added services which allow the users to know what their friends

None Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

None - Essay Example Moreover, the research also concluded that carbon monoxide produced by private automobiles was 95% higher; production of dangerous organic compounds is 92% greater, two times more emission of carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide as compared to public transportation for each person travelling per mile. There was another study conducted in 2004 by Lancaster University, which suggested that switching to train system from the private car or airlines travelling has no significant advantages in terms of environment protection. However, there was an environmental group â€Å"friends of the earth†, who had opposite views regarding the shift and they were not satisfied with the findings of the study conducted by the university (Marston, 2004). They made another study, which revealed that the train system lacked in the modern advancement that had been made for the vehicles and airline industries in terms of better fuel consumption and efficient use of the fuel. A train that travels from London to Edinburgh uses 11.5 liters excess fuel per person as compared to the latest cars working on diesel; and similarly, the trains of Pendolino consumed more fuel per person than the airbus A380 (ABD, 2012). There are some other detailed studies that have concluded that there is a negative and opposite relation between the urban population density and energy consumption per capita. With the help of public transit system, the high urban population densities can be benefited easily and as an inverse relation the use of energy to run the system will be low and the travelling distance will be reduced. Green movements members always are in favor of public transportation because of high benefits in term of less contamination and low pollution than any other travelling system. In 2004, there was a study carried out in the city of Milan, Italy that unveiled the impact of mass transportation on the environment on a day of public transportation strike. The air during 8 days in